Today, special attention is paid to the environmental pollution effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds. They are also widely distributed in the environment and can be found in water, soil, and plants. For this reason, various technologies have been developed to detect and screen for PAHs, and one of the recent developments is cell-based biosensors (CBBs). This type of sensor allows for real-time measurements by detecting the impedance of cellular behavior, which has been proven sensitive to toxic compounds. This articles presents a review of the previous work on CBBs for environmental monitoring of PAHs, in comparison with other conventional methods, which are based on chromatographic techniques and immunoassay.