Peer-Reviewed Journal Details
Mandatory Fields
Hayes A, Hennessy Á, Walton J, McNulty BA, Lucey AJ, Kiely M, Flynn A, Cashman KD
2016
October
Journal of Nutrition
Phylloquinone Intakes and Food Sources and Vitamin K Status in a Nationally Representative Sample of Irish Adults.
Validated
Optional Fields
Data from a nationally representative sample of 18- to 64-y-old Irish adults conducted in 1999 highlighted low phylloquinone intakes. That survey, however, did not include older adults (aged =65 y), a subgroup that is potentially at higher risk of low phylloquinone intakes, or a biomarker of vitamin K status. The objectives of this work were to measure the phylloquinone intake and its adequacy and the serum percentage of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (%ucOC), a vitamin K status biomarker, in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults aged 18-90 y, and to compare these newer data on dietary phylloquinone in adults aged 18-64 y with those from the previous survey. Data and biobanked serum samples from the National Adult Nutrition Survey, a randomly selected sample of Irish adults aged 18-90 y (N = 1500), were accessed. Phylloquinone intakes were estimated from 4-d food diary data and were compared across age groups (18-35, 36-50, 51-64, and =65 y). Serum %ucOC was assessed by immunoassay (n = 692). The mean ± SD intake of phylloquinone from all sources was 85.2 ± 59.1 µg/d, 99% of which was derived from food. Phylloquinone intakes and serum %ucOC were significantly (P < 0.05) lower (14-25%) and higher (27-39%), respectively, in the 18- to 35-y age group than in the 36- to 50-y, 51- to 64-y, and =65-y age groups (no differences between these 3 groups; P > 0.2 in all cases). Mean phylloquinone intakes had increased (P < 0.01) modestly (6 µg/d) in 18-64-y-olds across a decade. Of the total study population, 55% had phylloquinone intakes below the United Kingdom recommended intake of 1 µg · kg body weight(-1) · d(-1) CONCLUSION: Our study shows that younger adults (aged 18-35 y) appear to be at higher risk of inadequate vitamin K intake and lower vitamin K status, the health implications of which are unclear and warrant further investigation.
1541-6100
10.3945/jn.116.239137
Grant Details