THE NATURE OF work is changing dramatically through trends such as the commodification of expertise and democratization of participation. For example, professional stock photographers used to be able to charge hundreds of dollars for a picture. Today, sites such as www.istockphoto.com offer professional-quality images for as low as one dollar. Any amateur photographer can offer images through this platform. Another example is Foldit, a game in which thousands of players work to solve puzzles; the aggregated out- put helps solve protein-folding prob- lems.3 Using results from Foldit, researchers solved in just 10 days a complex problem that had stumped them for 15 years.