Bottom-up and practice-based social innovations need to be incorporated in an integrated manner to achieve the required paradigm shift for energy system change. This deliverable asks “how can new technologies and practices be best supported/disseminated to achieve ‘lift-off’ and impact?” Innovation studies approaches, including Strategic Niche Management thinking have been applied. Innovation needs, and specific and tailored innovation responses have been identified for 4 of the ENTRUST communities of practice; these are Stockbridge, Le Trapèze, Secondigliano and Dunmanway. Outcomes point to new policy mixes and practice-based changes at the community level to inform innovation pathways for each community.