This chapter will discuss the Eric Voegelin’s reading of Max Weber, and the importance this had on his lifework, by focusing on four themes. First, how to reconstruct the encounter of one key thinker with the work of a major predecessor, in terms of the dynamics of his own lifework? Second, the chapter will tackle the looming shadow of German rationalistic-critical philosophy, especially Kant and Hegel, from which both Weber and Voegelin much tried to liberate themselves, but which still kept haunting them, also through the reception of their works. Third, the chapter will review the most important substantial effects of Weber in the work of Voegelin: the idea of intramundane eschatology – the guiding term of the original History of Political Ideas draft, evidently modelled on Weber’s inner-worldly asceticism, which drew on Nietzsche’s ideas about the ‘ascetic planet’ in the Genealogy of Morals (III: 11); and the idea of Gnostic modernity, inspired by Weber’s key term ‘religious rejections of the world’, itself influenced by Nietzsche’s concern with modern nihilism. Finally, the chapter will discuss the final position of Voegelin, concerning the ‘Greatness of Max Weber’, title of his last lecture in the ‘Hitler and the Germans’ series.